Acetonitrile: Umushongi mwiza kandi utuma ibintu bihinduka mu buryo bw'umwimerere-1
Amashami y'ingenzi yo gusaba
Mu gusesengura ibinyabutabire, acetonitrile ni umuti ukunze gukoreshwa mu gusesengura chromatography y'amazi (HPLC) na chromatography ya gaz (GC). Ifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga neza kandi ifite ubukana buke, ishongesha neza ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibinyabutabire n'ibitari umwimerere kugira ngo itange ibisubizo bisobanutse neza by'isesengura. Acetonitrile ikoreshwa kandi mu gutegura ibisubizo bisanzwe n'amazi yo gupima, ikemeza ko isesengura ari ukuri kandi ryizewe.
Mu guhuza ibinyabuzima, acetonitrile ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gushonga no mu gushonga hagati. Ishobora gushonga ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibintu bikomoka ku bimera, igatanga ibidukikije bihamye byo gukora imikorere ya shimi. Urugero, mu guhuza imiti n'ibindi bintu bihumura, acetonitrile ishobora gukora nk'ikintu gishongesha kugira ngo itere imbere imikorere yayo. Byongeye kandi, acetonitrile ishobora kugira uruhare mu mikorere imwe n'imwe ya shimi kugira ngo ikore ibintu bifite imikorere yihariye. Urugero, acetonitrile ishobora gukora imikorere ya shimi ihinduka ikoresheje imiterere ya cyano hamwe n'itsinda ryayo rya cyano kugira ngo ikore ibintu bifitanye isano na amine cyangwa alcool.
Mu nganda zikora imiti, acetonitrile ikoreshwa cyane mu guhuza no gutunganya imiti. Ishobora gushonga imiti itandukanye ibanziriza imiti n'indi, bityo ikabasha gukora neza mu buryo bw'imiti. Urugero, mu guhuza imiti imwe n'imwe irwanya indwara z'umutima n'imitsi, acetonitrile ishobora gukora nk'umusemburo wo kongera umusaruro w'imiti. Byongeye kandi, acetonitrile ishobora gukoreshwa mu gushushanya no gutunganya imiti kugira ngo hamenyekane ko imiti ari myiza kandi ifite ubuziranenge.
Mu nganda zikora impumuro nziza n'ubwiza, acetonitrile ikoreshwa mu gukora no gutunganya impumuro nziza. Ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuramo impumuro karemano, nk'amavuta y'ingenzi mu bimera. Byongeye kandi, acetonitrile ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora impumuro nziza ifite impumuro yihariye y'impumuro nziza n'ubwiza.
Mu nganda z'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, acetonitrile ikoreshwa nk'umuti usukura n'umusemburo. Ishobora gukuraho neza ibisigazwa n'imyanda ku buso bw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ikagenzura isuku n'imikorere y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Urugero, mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, acetonitrile ishobora gukoreshwa mu gusukura ubuso bw'ibisigazwa, gukuraho ibisigazwa bya photoresist n'indi myanda.
Nubwo ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, acetonitrile irahinduka kandi irahumanya, kandi kuyikoresha no kuyibika bisaba ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda. Acetonitrile ihita ihinduka mu kirere, bityo igomba gukoreshwa ahantu hahumeka neza. Byongeye kandi, imiti ya acetonitrile ni uburozi, kandi ibikoresho byo kwirinda bikwiye bigomba kwambarwa mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha kugira ngo wirinde ko igera ku ruhu no mu maso. Mu nganda, ikoreshwa rya acetonitrile rikunze kuba mu buryo bufunze kugira ngo ridatera ingaruka ku bidukikije.
Ibisobanuro
| Izina ry'igicuruzwa | Asetonitrile | |||||||||
| Formula y'ibinyabutabire | C2H3N | |||||||||
| Uburemere bwa molekile | 41.05 g/mol | |||||||||
| Isura | Ikiyiko kibonerana kidafite ibara | |||||||||
| Aho gushonga | -45.7°C | |||||||||
| Aho kubira | 81.6°C | |||||||||
| Ubucucike | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||||||
| NOMERO YA CAS | 75-05-8 | |||||||||
| Kode y'Ubwishingizi bw'Ubuzima (HS) | 2926909090 | |||||||||
| NO YA EINECS | 200-835-2 | |||||||||
| Porogaramu | Ikoreshwa mu gukora isesengura ry’ibinyabuzima, mu gukuramo ibintu, mu gukora imiti, no mu gusesengura chromatografiya. | |||||||||
Urupapuro rwo kugenzura ubuziranenge
| Izina ry'igicuruzwa | Asetonitrile | ||||||
| IGITEKEREZO | ISANZWE (Ubuziranenge bw'ikirenga) | AGACIRO K'IGERAGEZA(%) | |||||
| Ibice bya Chromaticity/HaZen | 10 | 10 | |||||
| Ubucucike | 0.5 | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||
| Ubuziranenge/%≥ | 99.9 | 99.94 | |||||
| Ubushuhe/%≤ | 0.030 | 0.029 | |||||
| Asetone/%≤ | 25 | 5 | |||||
| Acrylonitrile/%≤ | 25 | 5 | |||||
| Amoniya/%≤ | 6 | 1.1 | |||||
| Ubushyuhe (nk'aside asetiki)/≤ | 50 | 1.8 | |||||
| Umuringa/(mg/kg)≤ | 0.5 | 0.001 | |||||
| Ubutare/(mg/kg)≤ | 0.5 | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||
| Ingano yo guteka (kuri 0.10133 MPa) °C | 81.0-82.0 | 81.6-82.0 | |||||
Muri make
Muri make, acetonitrile, nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi mu binyabutabire by'umwimerere n'umusemburo, igira uruhare runini mu nganda nyinshi. Ntabwo yongera gusa imikorere n'umusaruro w'ibinyabutabire, ahubwo inashyigikira iterambere ry'inganda zigezweho. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rihoraho, amahirwe yo gukoresha acetonitrile azarushaho kuba manini.