Isi yose - Premier TDI: Ibyubako by'ingenzi mu nganda za Polyurethane

Imiterere y'umubiri n'imiti

Isura n'impumuro mbi: Ubusanzwe TDI igaragara nk'amazi adafite ibara cyangwa umuhondo muto, ashobora gushya cyane. Itanga impumuro ikaze, ikomeye kandi ikarishye, ikaba ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'uko ihari.
Gushonga no Gusubiramo: Ishobora kuvangwa byoroshye n'ibintu bitandukanye bya organic nka ethanol (hamwe no kubora), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethyl ether, acetone, tetrachloride karuboni, benzene, chlorobenzene, peteroli, n'amavuta ya elayo. Imwe mu miterere yayo ya shimi ni uko ikorana n'amazi, uburyo ikora gaze ya dioxyde de carbone. Byongeye kandi, TDI ishobora gukora vuba hamwe n'ibintu birimo atome za hydrogen zikora, imiterere ikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi.
Ibintu by'ingenzi bihoraho: TDI ifite ubushyuhe bugera kuri 247°C, ibi bikaba bigena ubushyuhe iva mu mazi ijya mu mwuka munsi y’umuvuduko usanzwe w’ikirere. Ubushyuhe bwayo buri hagati ya 19.5 na 21.5°C, bigaragaza ubushyuhe buri munsi yayo bukomera. Ubushyuhe bwa TDI ni 127°C, bivuze ko kuri ubu bushyuhe, ishobora gutanga umwuka utwika mu gihe hari isoko y’umuriro. Iyo ifite ubucucike bwa 1.217, iraremereye kurusha amazi, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku buryo ikoreshwa n’uburyo itandukaniyeho mu nganda no mu bidukikije.

Ahantu ho Gukoresha Serivisi

Gukora ifuro rya polyurethane: TDI ni inkingi ikomeye mu gukora ifuro rya polyurethane, rikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi. Mu rwego rw'ibikoresho byo mu nzu, ifuro rya polyurethane ryoroshye rikozwe muri TDI ni ryo rikoreshwa cyane mu gukora imifuka yoroshye kandi ishyigikira mu masofa, intebe zo ku maboko, na matelas. Mu nganda z'imodoka, izi furo zikoreshwa mu ntebe z'imodoka, zitanga ihumure n'umutekano binyuze mu kwikiza imiyaga mu gihe cyo gutwara imodoka. Byongeye kandi, ifuro rya polyurethane rishingiye kuri TDI rikoreshwa mu bikorwa byo gukingira, nko muri firigo no mu bikoresho byo gukingira inyubako, bitewe n'ubushobozi bwazo bwiza bwo gukingira ubushyuhe.
Imyambaro n'ibice bikonjesha: TDI igira uruhare runini mu gukora irangi n'amakofero bikora neza cyane. Mu nganda zikora irangi, polyurethane zishingiye kuri TDI zikoreshwa mu gukora irangi riramba, ridashobora gushwaragurika, kandi ridashobora kwangirika ku bintu bitandukanye, harimo ibyuma, pulasitiki, n'ibiti. Izi rangi zikoreshwa mu kurangiza imodoka, irangi ryo hasi, n'irangi ry'ibikoresho by'inganda. Ku isoko ry'irangi, irangi ririmo TDI rihabwa agaciro kubera ubushobozi bwaryo bukomeye bwo gufatanya. Rikoreshwa mu guteranya ibikoresho byo mu nzu, guhuza ibice by'imodoka, no mu nganda z'ubwubatsi mu guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye by'ubwubatsi.
Gukora Elastomer: TDI ikoreshwa mu gukora elastomer za polyurethane, zihuza imiterere ya rubber na pulasitiki. Izi elastomer zikoreshwa mu bintu byinshi, nko mu gukora inkweto, aho zitanga ubushobozi bwo koroha, kuramba, no gufata impanuka. Zikoreshwa kandi mu gukora seal na gaskets zo mu nganda, aho zirwanya imiti, kwangirika, n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bituma zikoreshwa ahantu habi.

Uburyo bwo gutegura

Inzira gakondo zo gutera ingano y'amazi mu mazi
2,4 - Inzira ya Amino Toluene: Iyi gahunda itangirana no gushonga amino toluene 2,4 no kuyishongesha muri chlorobenzene. Iyi solution isubizwamo na fosgene mu ntambwe ebyiri. Ubwa mbere, habaho ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe buri hasi ya 35 - 45°C. Nyuma yaho, habaho ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe buri hasi ya 130°C. Iyo ubwiyongere burangiye, umwuka wa azote ushyirwamo kugira ngo uvane hydrogen chloride iyo ari yo yose itarasubizwamo na fosgene irenze. Chlorobenzene iravangwa, hanyuma intambwe ya nyuma ikubiyemo ubwiyongere bw'amazi kugira ngo haboneke TDI isanzwe.
Uburyo bwa Nitro Toluene: Muri ubu buryo, nitro toluene ibanza gushyirwamo nitrati hanyuma ikagabanuka ikagera kuri 2,4 - diaminotoluene. Iyi ntera ishyirwamo fosgene, aho ihura na fosgene igakora TDI. Hanyuma uruvange rw'ibisubizo ruratunganywa kugira ngo rutandukanye kandi rusukure umusaruro wa TDI.
Uburyo Bushya Bukoreshwa mu Kurwanya Ubusa
Inzira zitari za Fosgene: Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hakomeje kwibandwa ku guteza imbere uburyo butari fosgene bwo gukora TDI mu rwego rwo kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa no gukoresha fosgene. Urugero, hari ubushakashatsi burimo gusuzuma ikoreshwa ry’ibindi bintu bitera ingaruka n’imiterere y’ingaruka kugira ngo hakorwe TDI hatabayeho fosgene. Ariko, ubu buryo buracyari mu rwego rwo gutera imbere kandi ntabwo burakoreshwa cyane mu bucuruzi.

Amabwiriza yo Kwirinda

Ingaruka ku buzima: Umwotsi wa TDI utera ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw'abantu. Utera cyane amaso, uruhu, n'inzira z'ubuhumekero. Kuwukoresha igihe kirekire cyangwa kenshi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima, harimo ibibazo by'ubuhumekero nka bronchitis, ibimenyetso nk'ibya asima, ndetse rimwe na rimwe, indwara zikomeye nka bronchiectasis n'indwara z'umutima z'ibihaha. Urugero, imbeba zihura n'ibice biri hagati ya (0.5 - 1) × 10⁻⁶ mu masaha 6 ku munsi, mu minsi irenga 5 - 10, byagaragaye ko zifatwa n'ingaruka mbi z'uburozi. Ku bantu, guhumeka ibice biri hasi ya 0.0005mg/L bishobora gutera inkorora ikomeye no guhumeka nabi.

Ingaruka zo gutwika no guturika: TDI ni amazi ashobora gushya, kandi umwuka wayo ushobora gukora uruvange rw'ibiturika n'umwuka. Iyo ushyizwe mu muriro ufunguye, ibishashi, cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi, hari ibyago bikomeye byo gushya no guturika. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo kubika no gukoresha neza ni ngombwa kugira ngo hirindwe izo ngaruka.
Kubika no Gufata: TDI igomba kubikwa mu bubiko bukonje kandi bufite umwuka mwiza, kure y'izuba ryinshi, amasoko y'ubushyuhe, n'ibikoresho byo gutwika. Ibikoresho byo kubikamo bigomba gufungwa neza kugira ngo hirindwe ko umwuka uva. Bitewe n'uko bihura n'amazi n'ibindi bintu, bigomba kubikwa bitandukanye n'ibikoresho bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri byo, nk'ibintu bigabanya ogisijeni. Mu gihe cyo kubikoresha, ibikoresho byo kwirinda byihariye, harimo uturindantoki turwanya imiti, amadarubindi y'umutekano, n'uburyo bwo kwirinda guhumeka, bigomba kwambarwa kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago byo kwangirika.

Ibisobanuro

Urupapuro rwo kugenzura ubuziranenge