Thiourea
Incamake y'ibicuruzwa
Izina ry'ubutabire: Thiourea
Nimero ya CAS: 62-56-6
Formula ya Molecular: CH₄N₂S
Uburemere bwa molekile: 76.12 g/mol
Ishusho: Ifu y'umweru cyangwa ibinure; nta mpumuro cyangwa impumuro nke isa na amoniya
Gushonga: Bishongera cyane mu mazi (137 g/L kuri 20°C), bishongera muri ethanol, bishongera gato muri ether na acetone
Thiourea ni imvange y'ingenzi ya sulfure y'umwimerere ifite imiterere isa na urea (isimbuza atome ya ogisijeni na sulfure). Igaragaza uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora ibinyabutabire, bigatuma iba ibikoresho fatizo kandi ikaba inyongeramusaruro mu nganda, ubuhinzi, na laboratwari. Ifite imiterere ihamye kandi ishobora kugenzurwa, yujuje ibisabwa byose ku buryo butandukanye bwo kuyikoresha.
Imiterere n'Ibyiza by'ingenzi
| Umutungo | Ibisobanuro | Akamaro k'ingenzi |
| Aho gushonga | Ubushyuhe 176 - 178°C (bubora hejuru ya 180°C) | Ubushyuhe budahindagurika mu bushyuhe busanzwe bwo gutunganya, birinda kubora imburagihe |
| Agaciro ka pH (1% y'umuti w'amazi) | 6.0 - 7.5 | Idafite aside nyinshi cyangwa idafite aho ibogamiye, ihura neza n'ibintu byinshi bitatera ingese cyangwa ubusumbane bwa pH |
| Ubuziranenge (iminota) | 99.0% (urwego rw'inganda); 99.5% (urwego rw'imiti) | Ubuziranenge bwinshi bugabanya imyanda ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ibicuruzwa cyangwa igatera ingaruka mbi ku bicuruzwa. |
| Ibikubiye mu byuma bikomeye (ntarengwa) | 10 ppm (Pb, Cd, Hg yose hamwe) | Yujuje ibisabwa ku bidukikije n'umutekano, ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu bijyanye no kurya cyangwa gukoresha imiti |
| Hygroscopicity | Hafi (ifata ubushuhe buke cyane ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba) | Biroroshye kubika no gufata neza bidapfunyaguritse, bigatuma habaho ubuziranenge buhoraho uko igihe kigenda gihita |
Porogaramu zisanzwe
Imiterere yihariye ya Thiourea mu byuma (urugero, ubushobozi bwo gukora complexes hamwe n'ibyuma, gukora nk'ikintu gigabanya, no kugira uruhare mu guhuza heterocyclic) bituma iba ingenzi cyane mu nganda nyinshi:
3.1 Inganda n'Ubucuruzi bw'ibyuma
Gutunganya no Gushyira Ibyuma: Bikoreshwa nk'ikintu gishya mu gusohora zahabu na feza (urugero, mu gukuramo zahabu idafite cyanide) kugira ngo bishongeshe amabuye y'agaciro mu mabuye y'agaciro. Bikora nk'ikintu gitanga urumuri n'ubudahangarwa mu gushushanya nikeli, umuringa, na zinki, binoza imiterere y'igitambaro n'ububengerane.
Kubuza ingese: Yongerwa mu bikoresho bikonjesha mu nganda, mu bisubizo byo gukaranga, no mu byuma bikoreshwa mu gukora icyuma kugira ngo habeho agace gakingira ibyuma, birinda ingese na aside kwangirika.
3.2 Gutunganya imiti
Imiti n'ibinyabutabire by'ubuhinzi: Ni ingenzi mu gukora imiti ya sulfonamides (imiti irwanya bagiteri), imisemburo ya tiroyide, n'imiti yica ibyatsi (urugero, imiti yica ibyatsi ishingiye kuri thiourea yo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi mu bihingwa).
Gukora irangi n'amabara: Bikoreshwa mu gukora ibikomoka kuri thiazole na imidazole, ari byo bintu by'ingenzi bigize amarangi ya azo n'amabara y'umwimerere (urugero, ku myenda, pulasitiki, na wino).
Inganda za Rubber: Ikora nk'umuvuduko w'ingufu no guhindura uburyo rubber ikora, yongera imbaraga zo kuyihindura, ubushyuhe, no kudasaza mu mapine, mu byuma bifunga, no mu bikoresho bya rubber.
3.3 Imikoreshereze ya Laboratwari n'Ibindi Bidasanzwe
Ubutabire bw'isesengura: Bukoreshwa nk'igikoresho cyo gupima no gupima ibyuma biremereye (urugero, 铋、selenium) binyuze mu miterere igoye.
Gufotora: Bikora nk'ikintu gikemura ibibazo kandi kigagabanya ingaruka mbi mu gufotora amafoto y'umukara n'umweru, bigafasha mu gutuma amashusho ahora neza no gukuraho ifeza zitagaragara.
Umutekano no Kuyubahiriza
4.1 Amabwiriza y'umutekano
Gufata: Irinde guhumeka umukungugu cyangwa guhumeka ku ruhu/amaso. Ambara indorerwamo zirinda umukungugu, uturindantoki twa nitrile, na mask yo guhumeka (N95 cyangwa irenga) ahantu hadafite umwuka mwiza. Karaba intoki neza n'isabune n'amazi nyuma yo gukora ku ruhu.
Kubika: Bika mu bubiko bukonje, bwumye, kandi bufite umwuka mwiza kure y’aside zikomeye (urugero, aside hydrochloric), oxidizing agents (urugero, peroxide ya hydrogen), n’umuriro ufunguye. Koresha HDPE cyangwa fibre drums zifunze kugira ngo wirinde ko ubushuhe bwinjira cyangwa kwanduzwa.
Guta imyanda: Kura imyanda cyangwa ibidakoreshwa hakurikijwe amategeko agenga ibidukikije (urugero, nk'imyanda idateza akaga mu nganda; kwirinda kohereza mu butaka cyangwa mu mazi).
4.2 Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko
Yubahiriza amabwiriza ya REACH (EU) (yanditswe hakurikijwe urutonde rwa REACH SVHC, nta mbogamizi ku ikoreshwa ry’inganda).
Yujuje Amahame ya FDA (ku bijyanye no gukoresha ibiryo mu buryo bunyuranyije n'ibiryo, urugero, nk'umuti ugabanya ingese mu bikoresho bitunganya ibiryo).
Ikurikiza amahame ya USP/NF (urwego rw'imiti) kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu guhuza imiti.
Ibyemezo bya ISO 9001 (imicungire y’ubuziranenge) na ISO 14001 (imicungire y’ibidukikije) ku bijyanye n’ibikorwa byo gukora.
Incamake y'amakuru ya tekiniki (TDS)
| Igipimo | Icyiciro cy'inganda | Icyiciro cy'imiti | Uburyo bwo Gupima |
| Ubwiza | ≥99.0% | ≥99.5% | Kromatografia y'amazi ifite imikorere myiza cyane (HPLC) |
| Ingano y'ubushuhe | ≤0.5% | ≤0.3% | Karl Fischer afite ipeti rya Titration |
| Ibirimo ivu | ≤0.1% | ≤0.05% | Isesengura rya Gravimetric |
| Icyuma (Fe) | ≤5 ppm | ≤2 ppm | Uburyo bwo Gukoresha Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) |
| Ibintu bidashonga mu mazi | ≤0.01% | ≤0.005% | Kuyungurura no Kumisha |
Kuki twahitamo Thiourea yacu?
Amanota yihariye: Dutanga amanota y’inganda, imiti, na laboratwari kugira ngo duhuze n’ibyo abakiriya bakeneye (urugero, icyuma gito kikoreshwa mu miti).
Ingufu zihoraho: Ibikoresho byacu bitanga umusaruro (bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara toni 5,000 ku mwaka) bitanga serivisi yo kugeza ku gihe, ndetse no ku bicuruzwa byinshi (ingoma 20-500 kg).
Ubufasha mu bya tekiniki: Itsinda ryacu ry’abahanga mu bya shimi ritanga inama mbere yo kugurisha (urugero, guhuza porogaramu) n’ubufasha nyuma yo kugurisha (urugero, gukemura ibibazo byo gutunganya).
Umusaruro Udahumanya ibidukikije: Uburyo bwacu bwo gukora bugabanya amazi mabi n'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, bihuye n'intego z'iterambere ry'isi.
Twandikire
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